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Source: www.doctortee.net
File size: 356 KB, 60 pages
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Last download on:
Sat May 12, 2012 03:54:08 PM
Short Desciption:
A chapter covering the basic technical issues related to designing and selecting
hardware to interface computers to mechatronic devices. This chapter delves into the
basic aspects of the closed control loop in terms of protection, isolation and signal
conversion between external systems and the computer. The chapter also looks in
some detail at the problems of digital control including quantisation error in A/D
conversion and the problems associated with transducers.
Summary:
Most modern devices that engineers encounter in the industrial environment are
mechatronic in nature. That is, they are a combination of some or all of the following
elements:
• Mechanical components (both moving and stationary)
• Electro-mechanical components (motors, solenoids, relays, etc.)
• Traditional power circuits (single and three-phase power supplies)
• Power electronic circuits (servo drives, switched-mode power supplies, etc.)
• Digital circuits (discrete combinational logic and microprocessor logic)
• Analog circuits (transistor amplifiers, etc.)
• Energy conversion devices (transducers)
• Software.
In simple terms, mechatronic systems involve the application of digital and
analog electronics and computer systems to the control of both traditional and modern
mechanical devices. Since nearly every one of the elements in a mechatronic system is
very nearly the basis of a professional discipline in its own right, the task of designing
such devices and interfacing them to other computer systems can be quite daunting. No
single text can therefore cover in absolute detail the spectrum of issues related to
designing and interfacing to mechatronic systems and this text certainly does not
endeavour to do so.
This text, and this chapter in particular, should be viewed as an index that gives
the reader an overview of the problems involved in interfacing digital electronics
(particularly computers) to industrial systems. The title of this chapter and this book
are somewhat ambiguous and deliberately so. The reason for the ambiguity is that
sometimes we need to interface computers to mechatronic systems that already have
computer control and other times we need to interface computers to mechatronic
systems that may have analog and digital power electronics, but no computer control.
In both cases, the introduction of a computer ultimately creates a larger mechatronic
system and hence the ambiguity.
Interfacing industrial signals to computers (or computer-based devices) can be a
complex and time consuming task. There are many problems involved in isolating low-
voltage, low-current computer circuits from the high voltages and currents that are
prevalent in industrial environments. However, these problems are just one part of the
overall interfacing dilemma. Converting signals from one energy form to another or
reducing or amplifying signal levels is the other part of the problem.
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